{"id":5930,"date":"2020-05-15T14:47:06","date_gmt":"2020-05-15T12:47:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.institutfrancais-jerusalem.org\/?p=5930"},"modified":"2020-06-23T10:52:42","modified_gmt":"2020-06-23T08:52:42","slug":"%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a-%d8%a3%d8%a8%d9%88-%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.institutfrancais-jerusalem.org\/ar\/2020\/05\/15\/%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a-%d8%a3%d8%a8%d9%88-%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1990 \u0643\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c” \u0639\u0627\u0645 1994. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2004 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a “\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0628”. \u0623\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c “\u063a\u0632\u0629” \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u00a0 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631 ” \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 40 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064f\u062b\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n (<\/span>\u064a\u062c\u0644\u0633<\/span> \u0627\u0628\u0648<\/span> \u0635\u062e\u0631<\/span> \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064f<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644<\/span> \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u064f<\/span> \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0627\u064f<\/span> \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u0641\u062c\u0623\u0629<\/span> \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0635\u0644<\/span> \u0628\u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u064a<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0639\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u062e\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n \u0627\u0628\u0648<\/span> \u0635\u062e\u0631<\/span> : <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0648<\/span> \u0643\u064a\u0641<\/span> \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0643<\/span> \u064a\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0635\u062e\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u062a<\/span> \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n (<\/span>\u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631<\/span> \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d\u0647<\/span> ) <\/span>\u0627\u0646\u0627<\/span> \u0633\u062e\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0634<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641<\/span> \u0627\u0630\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u0627<\/span> \u0633\u062e\u0646<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u0634<\/span> \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a<\/span> . <\/span><\/p>\n \u062e\u0644\u0635<\/span> \u062e\u0644\u0635<\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a<\/span> \u062a\u0645\u0643<\/span> \u0643\u0644<\/span> \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u062d\u0643\u064a\u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span> \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0643<\/span> . <\/span><\/p>\n \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u064a\u062d<\/span> \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0634<\/span> .\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a<\/span>\u00a0 <\/span>. <\/span>\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u062d\u0648\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u064a\u0627\u0631\u0628<\/span><\/p>\n \u0627\u0633\u0643\u062a\u064a<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u062f\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u062d\u0643\u064a<\/span> \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0645\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0648\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631<\/span>. <\/span>\u0644\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0632\u062a\u0634<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/span> . <\/span>\u0627\u0646\u0627<\/span> \u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n \u0639\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0632<\/span> . <\/span>\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0643\u064a<\/span> \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a<\/span> \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u0648<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/span> . <\/span>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a<\/span> \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0641\u062d<\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u062c\u062a<\/span> \u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n \u0645\u0634<\/span> (<\/span>\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647<\/span> ) <\/span>\u0645\u0634<\/span> \u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641<\/span> \u0627\u064a\u0634<\/span> \u062d\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u0647\u0641<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a<\/span> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646<\/span>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u062a\u0644\u064a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0648<\/span> . <\/span>\u064a\u0627\u0639\u0645\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u0643\u062a\u064a<\/span> \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0643<\/span> \u0639\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span> \u0644\u0637\u0634\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0644<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636<\/span> . <\/span><\/p>\n \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span> \u0631\u062c\u0639\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span> . <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a<\/span> \u0635\u0627\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0628\u0633\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0639<\/span> \u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0643<\/span> \u0648\u0645\u0639<\/span> \u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0627<\/span> \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645<\/span> \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643<\/span> \u0641\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a<\/span> \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0647<\/span> .( <\/span>\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0647<\/span> \u063a\u0627\u0636\u0628\u0627\u064f<\/span>) <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0628\u0648<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u0643<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643<\/span> \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a<\/span> \u0633\u0644\u0645<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u062d\u0643\u064a<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0632\u0627\u0631<\/span> \u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span> . <\/span>\u0645\u0634<\/span> \u0627\u0648\u0641<\/span> \u0627\u0648\u0641<\/span> . <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u0636\u0644\u0647\u0645<\/span> \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a<\/span> \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0647<\/span> \u0644\u0645\u0627<\/span> \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u064a<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649<\/span> \u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0621<\/span> \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0642\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u0645\u0627<\/span> (\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627) – <\/span>\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0629 <\/span><\/h3>\n
\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0647<\/span><\/h3>\n